What percentage of the bird population in Antarctica is estimated to be penguins?

Estimates suggest that approximately 90% of the bird population in Antarctica consists of penguins. This high percentage is attributed to the unique ecology of the region, where the harsh climate and icy surroundings limit the types of birds that can thrive there. Penguins are highly adapted to these conditions, and several species are native to the Antarctic region, including the Emperor penguin and the Adélie penguin, which form large colonies during breeding season.

While other bird species do exist in Antarctica, such as seabirds like skuas and petrels, they are far fewer in number compared to penguin populations. This substantial dominance of penguins highlights their significance in Antarctic ecosystems, particularly in terms of their role in the food chain and their adaptations to the environment.

The options presented reflect varying percentages, but the overwhelming presence of penguins makes it clear that they represent the majority of the avian population on the continent.